Everything about Artaxerxes I Of Persia totally explained
Artaxerxes I (Latin; Greek Ἀρταξέρξης;
Persian اردشیر یکم (Ardeshir) corruption of
Old Persian 𐎠𐎼𐎭𐎧𐎨𐏁𐎨
Artaxšacā, "whose reign is through
arta (truth)")) was king of the
Persian Empire from
465 BC to
424 BC. He was the son of
Xerxes I of Persia.
He is also surnamed μακρόχειρ "Macrocheir (Latin = Longimanus)", allegedly because his right hand was longer than his left. Via the Georgian house of
Pahlavuni, the Russian
Rurikid family
Dolgoruki claimed descent from him.
After Persia had been defeated at
Eurymedon, military action between Greece and Persia had come to a standstill. When Artaxerxes I took power, he began a new tradition of drawing off the Athenians by funding their enemies in Greece. This indirectly caused the Athenians to move the treasury of the
Delian League from the island of
Delos to the Athenian acropolis. This funding practice inevitably prompted renewed fighting in
450 BC, where the Greeks attacked at the
Battle of Cyprus. After
Cimon's failure to attain much in this expedition, the
Peace of Callias was agreed between
Athens,
Argos and
Persia in 449 BC.
Artaxerxes I offered
asylum to
Themistocles, who was the winner of the
Battle of Salamis, after Themistocles was
ostracized from
Athens.
Portrayal in the Book of Ezra
Artaxerxes commissioned
Ezra, a Jewish priest-scribe, by means of a letter of decree, to take charge of the ecclesiastical and civil affairs of the Jewish nation. A copy of this decree may be found in
.
Ezra thereby left Babylon in the first month of the seventh year (~
457 BC) of Artaxerxes' reign, at the head of a company of Jews that included priests and Levites. They arrived in
Jerusalem on the first day of the fifth month of the seventh year (
Hebrew Calendar).
The rebuilding of the Jewish community in
Jerusalem had begun under
Cyrus the Great, who had permitted Jews held captive in Babylon, to return to Jerusalem and rebuild the
Temple of Solomon. A number of Jews had consequently returned back to Jerusalem in 537 B.C.
Offspring
By queen Damaspia
It is stated that the Priest & Levites went with Ezra to rebuild the temple. Correction, Ezra 9;1,7 clearly states that the "Leaders" (The Priest & Levites) didn't attend Ezra and the rest of the nation of Isreal but have been the cause of their trespasses. Ezra 9;2
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